The hydrophilicity of fabrics is affected by many factors, which can be summarized as follows:

Fiber type: Different fibers have different chemical structures and surface morphologies, so they show different hydrophilicity. For example, natural fibers such as cotton and linen have good hydrophilicity because of the presence of a large number of hydrophilic groups on their surfaces, such as hydroxyl (OH). Synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon have strong hydrophobicity and lipophilicity.

Fiber morphology and structure: The morphology and structure of the fiber will also affect the hydrophilicity of the fabric. Slender and smooth-surfaced fibers, such as silk and silk, have poor hydrophilicity. On the contrary, shorter and rougher fiber materials are conducive to the hydrophilicity of the fabric. In addition, the crystallinity, specific surface area and internal voids of the fiber will also affect its moisture absorption capacity.

Fabric structure: The structure of the fabric, such as density, thickness, surface morphology, etc., will also affect its hydrophilicity. High-density fabrics usually have poor hydrophilicity because they have a large surface tension and are not easily wetted by water. Fabric structures with wrinkles or three-dimensional interlacing on the surface are conducive to improving hydrophilicity.

Processing technology: Processing technology is also an important factor affecting the hydrophilicity of fabrics. For example, anti-wrinkle, anti-shrinkage, waterproof, and anti-fouling treatments will form a covering layer on the fiber surface, blocking the invasion of water, thereby reducing hydrophilicity. In addition, dyeing methods, finishing agents, etc. will also affect the hydrophilicity of fabrics.

In summary, the hydrophilicity of fabrics is affected by many factors such as fiber type, fiber morphology and structure, fabric structure, and processing technology. When designing and producing fabrics, these factors need to be considered comprehensively to meet different application requirements.